Gaf
| Persian alphabet |
|---|
|
ا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح خ د ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ه ی |
|
Perso-Arabic script |
| Arabic alphabet |
|---|
|
Arabic script |
Gaf, or gāf, may be the name of four different Perso-Arabic letters, all representing /ɡ/. They are all forms of the letter kāf, with additional diacritics, such as dots and lines. There are three forms, each used in different places:
- گ in Perso-Arabic alphabet
- ݢ in Malay
- ݣ in Moroccan
- ګ in Pashto
- ڳ in Saraiki
Contents
Gaf with line[edit]
گ is based on kāf with an additional line. It is rarely used in Arabic itself, but may be used to represent the sound /ɡ/ when writing other languages. It is frequently used in Persian, Urdu and Kurdish and it is one of four letters which are not found in Arabic.
If not ݣ, this letter can be used to represent /ɡ/ in Morocco.[citation needed]
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | گ | ـگ | ـگـ | گـ |
Gaf with single dot[edit]
ݢ is derived from a variant form (ک) of kāf with the addition of a dot. It is not used in the Arabic language itself, but is used in the Jawi script of Malay to represent a voiced velar stop /ɡ/. Unicode includes two forms on this letter: one based on the standard Arabic kāf, ك, and one based on the variant form ک. The latter is the preferred form.
| Appearance | Code point | Name |
|---|---|---|
| ڬ | U+06AC | ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH DOT ABOVE |
| ݢ | U+0762 | ARABIC LETTER KEHEH WITH DOT ABOVE |
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | ڬ | ـڬ | ـڬـ | ڬـ |
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | ݢ | ـݢ | ـݢـ | ݢـ |
Gaf with line and two dots[edit]
ڳ is derived from a variant form (ک) of kāf with the addition of a line and two dots. It is not used in the Arabic language itself, but is used in the Saraiki alphabet.
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | ڳ | ـڳ | ـڳـ | ڳـ |
Gaf with three dots[edit]
ݣ is based on a variant form (ک) of kāf with the addition of three dots. It is used in Morocco, in formal Literary Arabic or in Moroccan Arabic to represent /ɡ/. Examples on its use, as in many city names such as Agadir (أݣادير, also written: أغادير) and family names such as El Guerrouj (الݣروج, also written: الكروج).
In Morocco, the Persian letter گ can also be used instead.[citation needed]
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | ݣ | ـݣ | ـݣـ | ݣـ |
Its initial and medial forms are identical to ڭ, which represents /ŋ/ in some languages. However, their final and isolated forms are different.
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | ڭ | ـڭ | ـڭـ | ڭـ |
See also Ng (Arabic).
Gaf with ring[edit]
In Pashto:
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: | ګ | ـګ | ـګـ | ګـ |
Character encoding[edit]
| Character | گ | ڳ | ݢ | ڴ | ڰ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER GAF | ARABIC LETTER GUEH | ARABIC LETTER KEHEH WITH DOT ABOVE |
ARABIC LETTER GAF WITH THREE DOTS ABOVE |
ARABIC LETTER GAF WITH RING |
|||||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | decimal | hex | decimal | hex | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1711 | U+06AF | 1715 | U+06B3 | 1890 | U+0762 | 1716 | U+06B4 | 1712 | U+06B0 |
| UTF-8 | 218 175 | DA AF | 218 179 | DA B3 | 221 162 | DD A2 | 218 180 | DA B4 | 218 176 | DA B0 |
| Numeric character reference | گ | گ | ڳ | ڳ | ݢ | ݢ | ڴ | ڴ | ڰ | ڰ |
